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In 1991, Laurie C. Van De Werfhorst, along with other students in Field Methods in Archaeology Class of De Anza College, particpated in a dig in the Santa's Village area in Scotts Valley. Below are a few of the photographs that Ms Van De Werfhorst took of the artifacts, along with her comments about them.
These artifacts have not been individually dated, but radiocarbon analysis of charcoal found at the dig established the deposit to be between 4500 (plus or minus 80) and 4900 (plus or minus 120) Before Present (4500 to 4900 years old at the time of the dig, 1991).
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A Monterey-banded chert biface fragment. Chert is a dense, hard, flintlike rock, composed of chalcedony and microcrystalline quartz. This may have been used as a scraping implement. |
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A scraper is a tool that is characterized by the presence of utiliztion and retouch on the side of at least one edge. This basalt scraper was the largest found. All of its edges appear to have been utilized. |
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A graver is a stone tool with a protruding point or edge, used for fine cutting. The photograph shows a graver made from Monterey-banded chert. |
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A smaller graver, made from Monterey-banded chert. This displays a distinct graver tip and utilized edges. |
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A serrated projectile point made from Franciscan chert. The presence of Franciscan chert indicates trade or population movement from the inland areas, since this material is not native to Scotts Valley. Based on its weight, it was probably used as a spear or dart point. No artifact like this has been found in this area before. |
Photographs copyright 1991 Laurie C. Van De Werfhorst. Reproduced with permission.
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